Reconstruction of the Radiation Belts for Solar Cycles 17–24 (1933–2017)

We present a reconstruction of the dynamics radiation belts from solar cycles 17 to 24 which allows us study how belt activity has varied between different cycles. The simulations are produced using Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB)-3D code. VERB-3D code incorporate radial, energy, and pitch angle diffusion reproduce belts. Our use historical measurements Kp (available since cycle 17, i.e., 1933) model evolution L* = 1–6.6. A nonlinear auto regressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural was trained off GOES 15 (January 2011–March 2014) used supply upper boundary condition (L* 6.6) over course 17–24 (i.e., 1933–2017). Comparison long term observations Van Allen Probes CRRES demonstrates that our model, driven by NARX boundary, can reconstruct general fluxes. Solar 2008–2017) been least active considered resulted in unusually low electron results show should not be as representative for developing environment models. developed fluxes develop or improve empirical models